Pakistani farmers measure harvests in maunds per acre. Government reports, research and international comparisons use tonnes per hectare or kilograms per hectare. Converting between them lets you compare your farm with national averages or with other countries. This guide explains the crop yield conversion step by step, using our Acres to Hectares and Maund (Mann) to KG converters.
The units
- 1 maund (man) = 40 kg (the standard maund used in Pakistan today)
- 1 acre = 0.4047 hectares
- 1 tonne = 1,000 kg
Maunds per acre to tonnes per hectare
t/ha = maunds per acre × 40 × 2.471 ÷ 1,000
Which simplifies to:
t/ha ≈ maunds per acre × 0.0988
Examples
| Maunds per acre | kg per acre | t/ha |
|---|---|---|
| 30 | 1,200 | 2.96 |
| 40 | 1,600 | 3.95 |
| 50 | 2,000 | 4.94 |
| 60 | 2,400 | 5.93 |
Tonnes per hectare to maunds per acre
maunds per acre ≈ t/ha × 10.12
A yield of 3.5 t/ha is about 35.4 maunds per acre.
Why compare yields?
- To see how your farm performs against district or national averages
- To evaluate new seed varieties tested in hectares
- To prepare reports for agricultural loans or programmes
National average yields change every year with weather, water and prices, so look up the latest figures from official sources such as the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics or provincial agriculture departments.
Watch for different maunds
Historically, different regions used different maunds. Today the 40 kg maund is standard in markets, but cotton is sometimes discussed in other units such as bales. Confirm the unit before comparing.
Calculating income per acre
Multiply your yield in maunds by the price per maund, then subtract costs: seed, fertiliser, water, labour and machinery. The Profit Calculator helps work out the profit and break-even yield.
For basic area conversion, see how to convert acres to hectares.
Per kanal and per marla
Kitchen gardens and small plots are often measured in kanal or marla. Since 1 acre = 8 kanal, divide a per-acre yield by 8 for a per-kanal estimate. A crop yielding 40 maunds per acre gives roughly 5 maunds per kanal. Our Marla / Kanal Converter helps if your plot is in marla or square feet.
Record keeping
Write down area, seed type, sowing and harvest dates, inputs and yield every season. Over a few years, this record shows which varieties and practices work best on your land, which is far more useful than a single season’s number.
Frequently asked questions
How do I convert maunds per acre to tonnes per hectare?
Multiply by about 0.0988.
What is 40 maunds per acre in t/ha?
About 3.95 tonnes per hectare.
How many kg is a maund?
40 kg in the standard used in Pakistan.